Around The World In Eighty Days: Summary :: essays research papers

nearly the World In Eighty Days SummaryThe title of the novel, Around the World in Eighty Days, is pretty muchself explanatory. An Englishman, Phileas Fogg, places a wager that he cancircumnavigate the gentlemans gentleman in 80 days. The events that draw throughout the noveldescribe his journey around the world.Phileas Fogg, the protagonist, was a lonesome person who lived with hispaid servant. Mr.Fogg was thought to be rich although no one knew where his wealthiness came from.Jean Passepartout, Foggs paid servant. A strange fellow who had heldmany different jobs, such as fireman and gymnast.Detective Fix, an English detective who followed Fogg around the worldbecause he suspected that Mr. Fogg was a bank robber.Aouda, a Parsee woman who was saved from a Setee by Fogg andPassepartout.The antagonist of the novel was time, Mr. Fogg was pressured to arriveback in capital of the United Kingdom within 80 days or otherwise lose his fortune.My ducky character in the novel is Passepart out. Passepartout was aninnocent Frenchman that just after being chartered as Mr. Foggs servant was told topack for a trip around the world. Throughout the entire novel the reader isinformed of all the peculiar habits of Fogg that Passepartout had to support.My least favorite character is Fix the detective. He followed Foggaround the globe, he missed arresting him in India and Hong Kong throughincompetence, and as soon as they arrived back in London, he did arrest Fogg buterroneously.The main conflict of the novel was time. Time caused a lot of pressureon Fogg he had to get back to London on time or he would lose the money hewagered. Mr.Fogg and Passepartout were confronted many times with the problemof lost time when time was lost extra sweat and work had to be put in so as tomake up for the lost time.The incident that made me happy was when the real bank pirate was caughtand Fogg was let out of jail with exactly enough time left to arrive in Londonon time.The one part that I wou ld alter is when Passepartout and Fogg areseparated on India and then they meet up again coincidentally in Japan. I knowthat this is science fiction, fiction being the strategic word but still it isto something that is almost impossible to happen in real life.While Fogg and Passepartout were in the India jungle, they saw a woman,Aouda, who was going to be burnt alive as a sacrifice. Fogg decided to attemptto save her.

Does the I-Function Control Dreaming? :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Does the I-Function Control Dreaming? Imagine you are in a dream. The ground is different from the way it normally appears. Things that would normally be impossible are happening. You have no clue this is a dream. All of a sudden things bound falling into place within your brain. You realize you are dreaming. By exerting your will you can alter the scene. You can do all of the things you always wanted to do. With a bounding leap you are flying. You are controlling this and you know no harm can come from it. This is lucid dreaming. Does the I-function control this? It would appear that it does because it is creating everything and you can direct what happens.Everyone dreams. It is a natural part of the sleep cycle. It occurs during the rapid eye movement ( rapid eye movement sleep) stage. Do dreams stem from the brain going through normal activity or do they come from a controlled portion of the brain? This question raises continual debate among people. However, both sides may be co rrect. Most of the time a person dreams and is non witting of it occurring. There are other times when a person becomes aware they are dreaming and can influence it. This is lucid dreaming. It appears that the I-function plays a to a greater extent active role during lucid dreaming. This could be a new outlet where the I-function is allowed to run without constraints and produces more influences than it normally does. Regular dreaming occurs without one being aware of it whereas the I-function brings consciousness and control to lucid dreaming that does not occur at any other time during sleep.An introduction to sleep provides important background to arrest when dreaming occurs and the state of the brain. The whole process is initiated by the release of discordant chemicals in the brain. They cause particular areas to shut down and this is sleep. There are various stages to the sleep cycle. They are NREM, Stages 1-4, and REM. During the first five stages, NREM and 1-4, brain ac tivity continually decreases. An electroencephalogram (EEG) reveals this by measuring all action in the neocortex. However, during REM abnormal activity begins to take place and the brain function resembles that of a person who is awake. The EEG shows fast, random waves indicating increased activity (6). Typically a person goes through many cycles of this process during a normal sleep pattern.

Organizational Behavior Essay -- essays research papers

organizational Behavior Terminology and ConceptsApril 2, 2005Organizational behavior encompasses a wide range of topics, such as human behavior, change, leadership, and teams. Organizational Behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations. It interprets people-organization relationships in terms of the whole person, group, organization, and cordial system. Its purpose is to build better relationships by achieving individual, organizational, and social objectives. An organizations base rests on managements philosophy, values, vision and goals. This in turn drives the organizational culture which is composed of the formal, informal and the social environment. According to Donald R. Clark t here(predicate) are four major Models of Organizational Behavior (1998) that organizations operate out ofAutocratic The basis here is power with a managerial orientation course of authority. The employees are oriented towards obe dience and dependence on the boss. The employee need that is met is subsistence and the performance result is minimal.Custodial - The basis of this model is economic resources with a managerial orientation of money. The employees are oriented towards security and benefits and dependence on the organization. The employee need that is met is security. The performance result is passive cooperation.Supportive The basis here is leadership with a managerial orientation of support. The employees are oriented towards job performance and participation. The employee need that is met s status and recognition. collegial The basis is partnership with a managerial orientation of teamwork. The employees are oriented towards responsible behavior and self-discipline. The employee need that is met is self-actualization.Although there are four models listed, I do not believe that any organization operates exclusively within one. My accompany, Caesars Entertainment, Inc. operates predominantly in the Supportive model. My position is run mainly on job performance and quality of work produced. My department also uses Collegial and Custodial (we are a gaming company after all).The culture of an organization is the personality o... ...rder to be successful. By understanding behavior, culture, diversity, communication and effectiveness, a company has a great chance of making their business work. Companies are not here to create a club with a certain culture. They are here to accomplish something they have a core mission, a purpose. ReferencesAmerican Heritage Dictionary of English Language, (2000). Houghton Mifflin Company, 4th Edition. Retrieved April 3, 2005 from http//www.dictionary.comCaesars Entertainment, Inc., (2005). Corporate About Us, Diversity. Retrieved April 3, 2005 from http//www.caesars.comClark, D., (March, 1998). Models of Organizational Behavior. Elements of Organizational Behavior. Retrieved April 2, 2005, from http//www.nwlink.com/donclark/leader/.htmlPrasad, C. (2004). How to distinguish yourself as a culturally diverse candidate. Retrieved April 2, 2005 from IMDiversity http//www.careerjournal.com/myc/diversity/20040429-imdiversity.htmlSonnenfeld, J., (2004). Field Guide to Leadership and Supervision. What is culture?. Retrieved April 2, 2005 from http//www.mapnp.org/library/culture/culture.htm

What was Montesquieu?s aim in writing The Spirit of the Laws? Essay

I ask a favour that I fear will not be granted it is that wholeness not judge by a moments reading the flow of twenty years, that one approve or condemn the book as a whole and not some few sentences. If one wants to seek the design of the author, one can find it only in the design of the work. (Montesquieu 1989 preface)The mettle of the Laws took Montesquieu twenty years to write and was first published in Geneva in 1748. It was distributed freely, without the hindrance of censorship and deemed and instant success, despite negative feedback from friends to whom the manuscript was shown. afterwards two years and twenty-two impressions made across Europe many critics arose of his work, however this merely added to the fame of the author. Despite his critics, Montesquieu knew he had created a worthy and original work of political theory expressed by the phrase of his last preface an offspring made without a mother. (Montesquieu 1989 preface) This suggests that Montesquieu intended to create a characteristic political theory which was unlike any of his predecessors. Although he quotes famous predecessors such as Plato and Aristotle, he treats them as sources of information rather than philosophical fundamentals.The Spirit of the Laws was Montesquieus last work and undeniably over the course of twenty years he implemented what Judith Shklar suggests as his entire intellectual capital as a judge, scientist, novelist, historian, and traveller... (Shklar 1987 67) It is his work ...

Immanuel Kants Theory of Judgment Essay example -- Immanuel Kant, 201

What are, and what are the differences amongst, judgments of perception and judgments of experience for Kant? Understanding how the mind works has been a major(ip) goal throughout philosophy, and an important piece of this deals with how humans come to experience the world. Many philosophers have attempted to investigate this issue, and Hume successfully proposed a framework by which human understanding could be understood. This writing, however, spurred Kants philosophical mind, awaking him from his dogmatic slumber and leading him to develop his own framework to define eyeshot. As Kant strongly disagreed with Humes stance that it was entirely impossible for reason to think a priori, he set to correct Humes misguided view of custom in regards to documentary and subjective reality. The outside world, as defined by Kant, is referred to as nature, and nature considered materialiter is the totality of all objects of experience (Kant, 36). Human interaction with nature leads to judgme nts of experience, and these are empiric by definition (p. 38). Empirical judgments are not limited to judgments of experience, however. Judgments of perception and judgments of experience constitute all empirical judgments, and there are significant differences between the two (p. 38). In order to properly define judgments of perception and judgments of experience, one must first examine the general framework for thought that precedes them. Kant begins by jailbreak cognition into two distinct parts analytic and synthetic judgments (p. 9). Analytic judgments are simply statements about the status of some object, and essentially serve as definitions. Analytic judgments are true by virtue, as they express nothing in the predicate but what has... ... when looking at pure understanding. Because these concepts exist a priori, it is interesting that they are used in the understanding of experience. Kant is careful in his application of his framework, however, as a goal in his writing w as to outline boundaries of metaphysics as a science, and to determine if such a thing as metaphysics be at all possible (p. 1). Unfortunately for Kant, it is impossible for all things to be set forth with objective reality, as seen in his case of the soul (p. 86). While determinable bounds to reason cannot be thought, Kant successfully established a framework to examine thought and experience (p. 87). This framework exists in itself as subjective, however, and truly shows how pervasive metaphysics is.Works CitedKant, Immanuel. Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics. New York The Bobbs-Merrill Company, Inc., 1950.

Immanuel Kants Theory of Judgment Essay example -- Immanuel Kant, 201

What atomic number 18, and what be the differences between, judgments of perception and judgments of experience for Kant? Understanding how the mind works has been a major goal end-to-end philosophy, and an important piece of this deals with how humans come to experience the world. Many philosophers have attempted to investigate this issue, and Hume successfully proposed a theoretical account by which human fellow feeling could be understood. This writing, however, spurred Kants philosophical mind, awaking him from his dogmatic slumber and leading him to develop his own framework to define thought. As Kant strongly disagreed with Humes stance that it was just impossible for reason to think a priori, he set to correct Humes misguided view of custom in regards to objective and subjective reality. The international world, as defined by Kant, is referred to as nature, and nature considered materialiter is the totality of all objects of experience (Kant, 36). Human interaction with nature leads to judgments of experience, and these are empirical by definition (p. 38). Empirical judgments are not limited to judgments of experience, however. Judgments of perception and judgments of experience constitute all empirical judgments, and there are significant differences between the both (p. 38). In order to properly define judgments of perception and judgments of experience, one must first examine the general framework for thought that precedes them. Kant begins by breaking cognition into two distinct parts analytic and synthetic judgments (p. 9). Analytic judgments are simply statements about the status of some object, and essentially serve as definitions. Analytic judgments are true by virtue, as they express nothing in the predicate but what has... ... when looking at pure understanding. Because these concepts exist a priori, it is interesting that they are used in the understanding of experience. Kant is careful in his application of his framework, however, as a goal in his writing was to outline boundaries of metaphysics as a science, and to run across if such a thing as metaphysics be at all possible (p. 1). Unfortunately for Kant, it is impossible for all things to be described with objective reality, as seen in his case of the soul (p. 86). While determinable bounds to reason cannot be thought, Kant successfully established a framework to examine thought and experience (p. 87). This framework exists in itself as subjective, however, and truly shows how pervasive metaphysics is.Works CitedKant, Immanuel. Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics. New York The Bobbs-Merrill Company, Inc., 1950.

Winnie’s Dramatic Story in “Happy Days” by Samuel Beckett

Samuel Becketts sportswoman, Happy Days, portrays a woman, Winnie, buried in the ground, first up to her waist, then up to her neck, determined to wear out her meaningful liveness. Although her situation is hopeless because she has no idea how she got there, Winnie trusts that her life is meaningful and truly believes that there is nothing she can do to change it. Consequently, Winnie focuses on trivial details to pass each twenty-four hours. Beckett definitely succeeds in making this characters life dramatic by consuming her life with habits and rituals. Winnies life is focused around certain details that help her cope with her anxiety of existence.Beckett shows that internally Winnie is afraid of what cannot be predicted or controlled and therefore has her safety to trifles. Winnies dramatic history is centered on a famous quote from Becketts first published play, Waiting for Godot, in Habit is the great deadener. Although this play is a comedy, there is a deeper side of the characters as well. It is funny in the aspect that both Winnie and Willie live in some strange universe unfamiliar with(predicate) to the refs and that they lead essentially meaningless lives, somehow surviving the passage of time, lack of connection with each other, and purposeless existence.As the play goes on, however, the reader starts to sense that Winnie has a fear deep inside of her about what is to come. She hitherto starts mumbling a half forgotten prayer at the beginning of Act One where the reader only picks up, World without end Amen (752). Winnie blatantly prays for a world that has infinite life so she will not have to see the face of death. As the play develops, it is revealed that Winnie tries to avoid confronting the reality of her situation, Willies ignorance towards her, and the inevitability of death.It is almost as if Winnie is in denial about her life but does not yet get by it. She, however, repeats, cant complain no no musnt complain much to be thankfu l for (753) and No better, no worse, no change, no put out (753) as if she really is in pain and absolutely refuses to believe it because she merely trusts that she leads a meaningful life. Perhaps an evident way Beckett portrays Winnies dramatic story is through the variation of the phrase this will have been a happy solar day that she repeats throughout the play. Winnie proclaims this only after Willie cknowledges her existence. Each time Willie ignores her, Winnies dialogue becomes futile and she starts to get the feeling that her hopes are false because she spends the majority of her day telling stories and yearning for her husbands response. Her happy days seem to be when she experiences human interaction. Winnie understands that she talks a lot but she simply talks in hopes to generate some sort of human response. Winnie is overdramatic when Willie even utters a bantam word and proclaims that it is truly a happy day for her, once again renewing her hopes of a happy life.Sh e seems to be a typical dramatic romanticistic woman who is desperate to keep her relationship with her husband alive. Winnie even admits, I am not merely talking to myself, that is in the wilderness, a thing I could never bear to do for any life of time (756). She understands that speaking aloud to no audience is simply just internal thought and is shocking for that day when she will have nobody to talk to. Winnie repeats simply gaze before me with compressed lips (756) throughout the play portraying her fear that one day she will have to resort to staring into space in internal thought only.Optimistic Winnie, however, assures herself that she will always have her black bag to resort to when words fail. Seeking to fill the hours of the day, Winnie chooses to reminisce about the past, speak in old style language, and carry out various rituals. Her black bag is the seed of her rituals and it seems to be all that she really has, considering Willie hardly ever acknowledges her. Win nie starts and ends her day by the sound of a bell, quickly moving to the minute details like coppice her teeth, combing her hair, polishing her glasses, and putting on lipstick.Habit is Winnies sole consolation in her thought of a threatening universe winding mastered and eventually burning out. She insists on constructing activities to pass the time and to provide a sustaining illusion of meaning. Every action taken is in hopes to diminish her loneliness. Her rituals, repetitive in nature, erase Winnies distinction between past, present, and future. It is almost as if she has no free will and her habits consume her entire life on an almost irrational level. Winnie must(prenominal) complete every ritual each day in order to feel whole.In the beginning of the play, the reader picks up on Winnies compulsiveness when she dramatically proclaims, My hair Did I brush and comb my hair (756)? It seems as if superstition creeps in and Winnie cannot continue her day if she does not in f ull complete her rituals. Winnie bases her future on her close ritual. All of her available sources for optimism, however, are being used up in her black bag so she must work harder and harder to stay positive. Winnie lives in a static world believing that such an existence with no change will fend off death.Becketts quote, Habit is the great deadener, suggests otherwise, contradicting Winnies only beliefs. Winnie focuses so much on the miniscule details and following a routine that the objects start to control her, causing her to lose self control and actually driving her closer to death with such static routines. The ritual Winnie looks most forward to is singing her song at the end of the day. It excites her to sing it but she quickly becomes saddened at the end, once again exemplifying her dramatic story.The song perhaps gives her a sense of hope for life in the beginning, but Winnie realizes that it is not true in her own relationship, quickly becomes distraught, and must acce pt the fact that life will return to normal with her habits and rituals the next day. By the end of the play, Winnie is buried up to her neck in the ground but still refuses to admit the absurdity of her situation, constantly assuring herself that each day is a happy day, even if she is on the verge of tears.Winnie relies solely on habits and rituals to protect herself from what she cannot predict. She does not realize, however, that consuming her life with these rituals is actually bringing her closer to death. Beckett even symbolizes this through the fact that Winnie is buried up to her neck by the end of the play, taking away her ability to complete all of her rituals, and making the statement square away that death is near. Beckett succeeds in making Winnies story dramatic through her specific rituals and exemplifying his idea that, Habit is the great deadener.

Client’s Advocacy Essay

AbstractAdvocacy is an important aspect of every counselors role therefore, counselors need to tending remove environmental barriers that hamper customers well-being by increasing the thickenings sense of individualised power and to foster environmental changes that reflect greater responsiveness to clients sense of personal needs. Outreach, empowerment, loving justice, and social action are any apart of advocacy. Counselors need to care the client prevent psychological distress by tendinging them develop resources and strengths while reducing negative influences. There are three models the wheel of wellness model, the indivisible self- model, and advocacy. These models emphasize the importance of enhancing soul strengths and environmental resources and decreasing individual limitations and social stresses.Sally Jo Jacobs, 34, Female client whom is Caucasian and divorced with four tykeren and dickens living at home, youngest is living in Arizona with his Father, her ex-hus band She hasnt seen him since 03. She is divorced from him because he was abusive to her physically and mentally. Her oldest son is living In Seattle and working, going a dash to college, and has his own radio show from the college at Green River confederacy College. Client has one older sister, who lives in Alabama, which is on her 5th marriage due to her unfitness to deal with the jest at sustained when they were developing up. The client has two younger brothers, who were maltreated, but not sexually by their father.Her and her children are now living in the area with no family bridge over or even communication with her parents. Client states she has a violent relationship with her father. Client states her relationship with her mother is on and off.The client was referred by her regular Physician for imprint and unable to come up with healthy coping skills. The client doesnt drink but twice a month, quit smoking in 03, doesnt gamble, doesnt do street drugs, but is on presc ription drugs due to chronic pain from a front work injury and her physical abusive ex-husband.She loved working on cars and trucks, roller skating, going 4x4ing, gardening and yard work. She states that she has a very limited ability to do these things she loved to do and is having a hard time dealing with the fact that she idler no longer do the things she loved to do.Client states she is victorious Percocet 7.5 325 mg, 6 pills in a 24 hour period of time, Cymbalta 60mg in the morning, Flexerall,10 mg and a sleep aid at night. It is important for the counselor to be aware of what medications the client is on in order to help in the relation to the clients well-being.Client states that she has nothing to do and she thinks about what happened when she was growing up with the abuse and her accident on a constant basis, which leads her to depression. She says that when she was growing up there was sexual and mental abuse by her father, that her father abused her and her sister wh en their mom was working or out bowling. She has very specific memories, she remembers from when she was in a crib to her last day of high school, which was the last time her father touched her in an inappropriate manner. Childhood abuse and neglect may be markers for other factors that have an impact on the developing child or may share with PTSD a common origin in a disrupted and disorganized childhood. Another concern is that previous interrogation has suggested that abused and neglected children are at increased take a chance for early behavior problems and conduct disorder. Behavior problems in childhood or adolescence may be associated with increased risk for engaging in risky behaviors. In turn, such behaviors may lead to increased risk of exposure to traumatic events and to subsequent PTSD.A third possibility is that childhood victimization may be associated with PTSD through its effect on a persons lifestyle, which places the person much or less at risk for exposure to t raumatic events and, ultimately, PTSD. PTSD, such as low levels of education and extroversion, that serve to expose individuals to social roles and environments associated with high risk for victimization. (Cathy, 1999.). This learner believes that she stayed in abusive and unhealthy relationships because of what her father did to her as a child and now she is experiencing depression and PTSD. The goal of this client is to empower her to solve her problems independently by helping her understand herself and to help her have the ability to problem-solve. The counselor needs to spend time assessing the seriousness of the concern presented to her and reserve structure to the counselor process (such as understanding the conditions, procedures, and nature of counseling), and helping the client take initiative in the change process.The goal for this client is to get her help for her depression with tools and education to help her work through what her father and ex-husband have put her through. My first priority is to build trust, rapport, and be able to set goals and programme a give-and-take plan for change. The counselor will need to build up her psychological health by helping her build coping skills, self-esteem, social support, personal power, problem solving skills, self- care, sense of humor, sense of control, sense of worth, and stress management. Because of her abuse, she has developed depression and stress. The prevention programs the counselor needs to use for this client to help with stress is identifying the source of the stress, recognizing the physical and emotional consequences of stress, and learning and implementing adaptive coping responses.Strength-based Wellness counseling interventions may help abused survivors develop coping skills to parent some(prenominal) overall quality of life and everyday functioning across multiple domains, while also providing a healthy foundation from which to explore and reframe their abuse experience. One of the most common interventions with adult women survivors is trauma-focused, or exposure-based, treatment, where the sexual abuse experience is reviewed in some way. Trauma focused interventions are based on the notion that the meaning attached to the abuse, as well as the personal impact, is imbedded in the details of the experience And therefore requires in-depth review of the abuse experience (Hodges & Myers, 2010). Fostering decreed growth is an appropriate therapeutic goal posttraumatic growth increases compulsory feelings of self, self-efficacy, and resiliency, which lay the foundation for continued Improvement in other areas of life.Wellness-focused interventions offer clients a positive lens for viewing their strengths and strategies for using those strengths to cope with the issues created by their sexual abuse history. Wellness-focused interventions validate the individual and the fact that the important thing is not why the individual survived but how. Advocacy is an im portant factor in every counselors role and it serves two purposes to increase clients sense of personal power and to foster environmental changes that reflect greater responsiveness to clients personal needs (Gladding & Newsome, 2010). In order to help the client with advocacy, I would join the Montana partnership against domestic and sexual vehemence and get my client guidance through them. The Montana Coalition Against Domestic & Sexual force (MCADSV) is a statewide coalition of individuals and organizations working together to end domestic and sexual violence through advocacy, public education, public policy, and program development.Our mission is to support and facilitate networking among our member organizations while advocating for social change in Montana. Currently, MCADSV represents over 50 programs across Montana that provides direct services to victims and survivors of domestic and sexual violence and their children. In addition, the membership includes other nonprofi t and government organizations and individuals (professionals and members of the general public) who are interested in addressing domestic and sexual violence in a way that holds offenders accountable and provides support for the people they victimize. Our membership is open to anyone who is in accord with their philosophy. Their philosophy is We base our actions and interactions on the following basic tenets we advocate for policy that supports and/or forwards them and we work to increase public awareness on issues related to them. We believe all women have the right to live a life gratis(p) of violence or the threat of violence.Women have the right to freedom from violations of their personal autonomy and physical integrity on the street, in the home, at the workplace, and in the Coalition. Furthermore, women should not have to restrict their freedom of movement, their bodies, or their activities in order to be safe. We believe all women have the right to make their own decisions regarding sexual and fruitful matters, lifestyles, finances, education, and employment. We believe religious beliefs and practices are a matter of personal conscience and individual choice, and a Montana Coalition member shall neither promote nor reprove a particular religious belief in the course of his or her work. We believe classism, racism, ableism, ageism, homophobia (and all forms of elitism) are attitudes that serve to divide people who might differently join forces. As such, they interfere with womens ability to pool their efforts and reach their full potential. Our membership is open to people of all backgrounds.Furthermore, survivors of violence represent an meaty constituency in our movement, and the Montana Coalition strongly sanctions full participation by and equity for survivors (MSADSV, 2010). MSADSVs goals are to eliminate all forms of oppression, provide support and networking opportunities and training, and to encourage increased awareness and understanding of domestic and sexual violence and the concerns of survivors and to explore and support innovative policy approaches to issues related to domestic and sexual violence. This website has a chew of information for the client to get additional help and tools for her recovery. During the advocacy with the client, the counselor needs to be compassionate and show commitment in order to provide motivation to take action.The counselor needs to use verbal and non-verbal skills in order to be an effective counselor. Some skills the counselor needs to have is integrity, flexibility, empathy, patience, persistence, and resourcefulness. The client needs to have outreach, empowerment, social justice, and social action. Outreach involves reaching out to vulnerable populations in the community and helping clients find new ways to cope with the stressors. say-so is a process which the client gains resources and skills they will need to have more control over their environments and lives. Empowerm ent is important in this case because it helps the abused charr become aware of inappropriate use of power and privilege that her partner was claiming. Social justice is promoting access and equity to ensure full participation of all people in the life of a society as well as a belief system that values fair and equal treatment for all members of society.Social action derives from the belief system, resulting in the actions taken to promote equal rights. The counselor is involved in confronting barriers faced by clients. Abusive relationships has a significant and pervasive impact on individuals, producing a variety of mental, emotional, relational, physical, and trauma notes. Most therapeutic interventions focus primarily on reliving or retelling, in great detail, the sexual abuse experience. However, many clients lack a positive sense of self, an internal focus of control, and an ability to view the abuse as only(prenominal) part of which they are rather than the defining eleme nts. Through a focus on Wellness factors, therapists can help adult women recognize their strengths and use them both in and outside of sessions to create and sustain positive lifestyle change.Helping clients experience positive outcomes of Wellness choices is empowering and facilitates their ability to invest in and cope with the ameliorate process. Considering the multiple challenges many survivors bring to counseling, these outcomes are extremely important. A wellness-based intervention may increase self-efficacy, resiliency, and awareness of healthy coping skills, resulting in positive changes in everyday functioning. Such changes are inherently helpful to the survival process and can offer survivors valuable tools with which to approach future experiences.Therapists need to consider symptom presentation and prioritize the goals for therapy accordingly. Once safety is established, therapists and clients can incorporate a Wellness intervention into a range of treatment options, positive growth can occur simultaneously with distressing emotions. As with any therapeutic intervention, the therapist must continually assess the clients experience with the intervention and turn interventions when necessary.ReferencesCathy, S. W. (1999). Posttraumatic stress disorder in abused and neglected children grown up. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(8), 1223-9. http//search.proquest.com/docview/220471620?accountid=27965 Gladding, S.T., & Newsome, D.W. (2010). Clinical Mental Health Counseling in a Community and Agency Setting. (3rd Ed.). New Jersey Pearson Education. Hodges, E. A., & Myers, J. E. (2010). Counseling Adult Women Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse Benefits of a Wellness Approach. Journal Of Mental Health Counseling, 32(2), 139-153. Montana Coalition Against Domestic & Sexual Violence (2010). Retrieved from- http//mcadsv.com/

Dengue prevention Essay

A very(prenominal) good morning to the principal, Mr. Gan, the senior assistant, Mrs. Lim, respected teachers and fellow friends. I am grateful for your presence and I am extremely delighted with this valuable opportunity to meet you all in this great morning. Frankly, it is honour to be entrusted to deliver a speech to you on the topic .. Undoubtedly, it is the responsibility of the dimension proprietor to embarrass mosquito breeding sources. The immature stages of the mosquito so called egg, larva or pupa develop in stagnant pissing. It takes seven to ten days from the time a mosquito lays her eggs, until carbon to 400 larvae or wrigglers begin their life, possibly in your backyard. The size of the container of peeing doesnt matter, as mosquito larvae and pupa are small. In the event a breeding source is found, the owner must treat the problem and take steps to prevent the issue of breeding. By reducing the number of breeding sources, we basis reduce the number of mosquito es and cases of mosquito-borne disease. First and foremost, you are advised to use Abate or larvicide to kill mosquitoes and terminate the larva. Part from that, you rear end put some salt into the containers holding water as it prevents mosquitoes from breeding. Meanwhile, cover all water containers tightly to prevent mosquitoes from laying eggs. It is intense important to change water in the vases and tubs at least once a week, use mosquito repellents when necessary while side by side(p) the instruction manual on the label. On the other hand, you are encouraged to be extra careful with the situations outside the house. Apparently, you can get rid of any standing water. Mosquitoes must have water in which to lay their eggs and develop into adults. Check old tires, buckets, rain gutters, watering cans, etc.If you have a bird bath, fountain, wading pool, or set trays, it is a good idea to change the water at least once a week. Make sure that there are no containers that can col lect water left lying around your garden. Importantly, fog your home if necessary. Be sure to custody swimming pools clean and chlorinated. If not in use, funding unfilled and covered. In addition, ensure that the drains and gutters are not clogged and clean. Remember to stock ornamental pools with goldfish because they eat mosquito larvae on the waters surface. Mosquito function is a partnership effort. You can also burybottles, tins and old tyres. Last but not least, you can participate in preventing mosquitoes from breeding by doing the following simple chores around your home. Even the smallest thing will help and you will be surprised to find out what you can do. In a nutshell, we should keep an adage that time and tide wait for no man we are mantic to strike the iron when hot. I have come to an end, this is all for today. convey you for being a wonderful audience and I hope to share much of my thoughts with you in the near future. Thank you very much.SpeechA very good morning to the principal, Mr. Gan, the senior assistant, Mrs. Lim, respected teachers and fellow friends. I am grateful for your presence and I am extremely delighted with this valuable opportunity to meet you all in this great morning. Frankly, I am honour to be entrusted to deliver a speech to you on the topic .. -it is the responsibility of the property owner to prevent mosquito breeding sources. The immature stages of the mosquito so called egg, larva or pupa develop in stagnant water. -takes seven to ten days from the time a mosquito lays her eggs, until 100 to 400 larvae or wrigglers begin their life, possibly in your backyard. -the size of the container of water doesnt matter, as mosquito larvae and pupa are small. -In the event a breeding source is found, the owner must treat the problem and take steps to prevent the recurrence of breeding. -by reducing the number of breeding sources, we can reduce the number of mosquitoes and cases of mosquito-borne disease. -use Abate or l arvicide to kill mosquitoes and destroy the larva. Part from that, you can put some salt into the containers holding water as it prevents mosquitoes from breeding. cover all water containers tightly to prevent mosquitoes from laying eggs. It is utmost important to change water in the vases and tubs at least once a week -use mosquito repellents when necessary while following the instructions on the label. you are encouraged to be extra careful with the situations outside the house. Apparently, you can get rid of any standing water. -mosquitoes must have water in which to lay their eggs and develop into adults.Check old tires, buckets, rain gutters, watering cans, etc. -if you have a bird bath, fountain, wading pool, or flora trays, it is a good idea to change the water at least once a week -make sure that there are nocontainers that can collect water left lying around your garden. Importantly, fog your home if necessary. -be sure to keep swimming pools clean and chlorinated. If no t in use, keep empty and covered. In addition, ensure that the drains and gutters are not clogged and clean. -remember to stock ornamental pools with goldfish because they eat mosquito larvae on the waters surface. Mosquito control is a community effort. -bury bottles and cans. Last but not least, participate in preventing mosquitoes from breeding by doing the following simple chores around your home. -Even the smallest thing will help and you will be surprised to find out what you can do. In a nutshell, we should keep an adage that time and tide wait for no man we are supposed to strike the iron when hot. I have come to an end, this is all for today. Thank you for being a wonderful audience and I hope to share more of my thoughts with you in the near future. Thank you very much.

Canova’s “Perseus with Head of Medusa” Essay

This gather, made to replicate the Greek classical style, stands tall above entrance to the Metropolitan Museum of Art. This sculpture, created by Antonio Canova in marble, was do in the early 19th century. Historically, the tale of Perseus and how he killed the beast-woman, Medusa, is from eons before, however, the artist chose to recreate this scene from Greek mythology. In addition, Canova uses many techniques that were used by Greek sculptors, he use of detailed anatomy, a combination of stoicism and portrayals of anguish, stiff posture, contrapposto and the draping of the fabric around Perseus arms.Perseus stands rigidly, looking at the head of Medusa. His expression is unchanged. One leg caisson disease toward her head, but it does so in a rigid, uncomfortable manner. He holds his sword out on his right, and her head on his left. Fabric is draped unnaturally polish off his left arm and it falls to the floor behind him. He has the ideal body, with perfectly sculpted and t on e(a)d muscles. Perseus is naked, save a pair of very nonfunctional and ornate sandals. His body is in a curve, with his spine. He appears to be a warrior, and he is triumphant in his defeat of Medusa. A feeling of pride overwhelms one when they look at him, however, it is hard to relate to him, because he does not feel real. He is humanized, but does not appear natural or normal.Medusa, or earlier her head, is held by its hair in Perseus left hand. He holds it out from him, in disgust. Her face is writhing in pain, as she has been decapitated. Her snake-hair is very representational, and doesnt look like real snakes. Still, however, her face does not illustrate the true anguish or pain that she must have felt. It is not naturalistic. She actually appears to be somewhat idealized.This piece evokes feelings of strength, power and pride, however, I do not feel it evokes emotion or sympathy towards either character. Neither feels very real or natural, and thus it is catchy to relate to the sculpture.

Divorce in the Philippines Essay

Everyday, we chance on stories from the news about women being abused by their husbands up to the point of causing death to the abused. It is also never new to hear a spouse having extra matrimonial affairs and those other stories of infidelity and violence. We may sometimes first-handedly witness it in our own community, neighbors and friends, and even in our own homes. descend to think of it, why stay on this kind of unhappy relationships?According to the Philippine Commission on Women website, physical injuries and/or wife battering clay to be the most prevalent case across the twelve-year period, from 19972009, accounting nearly half (45.5 percent) of all reported violence against women (VAW) cases nationwide.Yes, we already defecate annulment and good separation in the Philippines but these systems are nothing but flawedallowing totally separation for such grounds that makes marriage void, in the first place. Meaning, this only considers those cases of psychological incapa city, impotence, marriages between collateral blood relatives, incestuous marriages, mistaken identity, and minority. However, spousal abuse and infidelity are not grounds for the annulment of marriage. This does not dissolver the rampantly occurring cases of violence and infidelity that leaves women rather helpless.Philippines is among the last two countries in the world that do not yet legalize divorce. Gabriela Rep. Liza Maza first filed a divorce bill in Congress in 2005. The bill, known as House Bill 1799, or An Act Introducing Divorce in the Philippines, was re-filed in appalling 2010 by Gabriela Womens party-list. It should be no wonder now why it is the women who are fighting for the passage of this bill because they are the object of infidelity and violence.Lawmakers have identified several grounds for divorce when the married couple has been separated for five years de facto and reconciliation is highly improbable the couple has been separated for two years before filin g for divorce when the grounds for legal separation (infidelity, psychological incapacity and irreconcilable differences) are present resulting to an irreparable marriage.According to a Social Weather Station survey conducted in March 2011, 50 percent of adult Filipinos agree and 33 percent disagree with the statement marry couples who have already separated and cannot reconcile anymore should be allowed to divorce so that they can get legally married again. In 2005, a alike survey was conducted which showed that 43 percent of adult Filipinos were in favor of divorce and 44 percent were not. From the statistics, we can conclude that Filipinos are starting to become open-minded with this issue and now accepts divorce as an option for failed marriages.According to Luzviminda Ilagan and Emerciana De Jesus, representatives of Gabriela Womens Party List, The sanctity of marriage is not based on the number of marriages be but on the quality of marital relationships when a marriage is n o longer viable, divorce should be an option.Indeed, why stay in a marital relationship where it no longer foster love between husbands and wives? It is now time to accept the rampantly occurring fact that some marriages work and some alas dont. In cases where a union is more harmful than beneficial, a divorce can be a benevolent and less hurtful behavior of severing ties.

Understanding Rhetorical Structures as They Pertain to Audience

Understanding rhetorical Structures as they pertain to audience, purpose, and setting Understanding Rhetorical Structure Colton Kiefer EN1420 This paper is about the understanding of the Rhetorical Structures as they pertain to audience, purpose, and context and how they affect the argument of whether taxes should be raised on higher income hold ups in golf club to fund social programs for at-risk and underserved, down(p) income children. I will discuss the family between the audience, purpose, and context to the context of the argument. Understanding Rhetorical StructuresHow do audience, purpose, and context affect the argument of whether taxes should be raised on higher income brackets in order to fund social programs for at-risk and underserved, low income children. I will discuss the relationship between the audience, purpose, and context to the context of the argument. Discussion The goal of this discussion is to see the relationship between audience, purpose, and context o f should Taxes be raised for higher income brackets in order to fund social programs for at-risk, underserved, and low income children.The first audience for this group are wealth fortune 500 CEOs. They are considered the in the higher income bracket in my opinion. They need to be educated on the understanding that even though most lower income families struggle, it is not because they are not trying. The scrimping has interpreted its toll on a lot of jobs here in the US over the past couple of years and even though they are working a full time job and roughlytimes two full time jobs, they cannot afford any kind of social program for their children.The present economy conditions are hurting the lower income families to the point that they struggle to make ends meet and can sometimes barley afford to put food on the slacken for their children. The higher income bracket would need to see just how little the additional taxes would take from them and what the benefits of those taxes could do for a low income family struggling to make ends meet. They still could peradventure not be receptive to the idea, but giving them examples of the terms and benefits of such programs I think they would start to understand.The second audience for this group is the low income families of at-risk, and underserved, low income children. They need to be educated on the benefits that could come from the higher taxes. In my opinion, the higher income bracket can afford the higher taxes to fund some of these programs. The cost of living, food, gas, and housing all affect the income of many families in the US. If they understood what could come from the taxes, they could get some reissuance as to vote on such a appoint if it came up to vote for the public.Education on the subject of the current tax laws would be a good example of what the different taxes brackets that are used today in the US. Lower income families would jump on the idea of being able to send their children to a s occer camp, or baseball camp. According to an article on burdensome the rich is good for the economy, raising taxes on the higher income bracket would reduce the taxes on low and middle income families. This would also allow for those families to keep more of their income to use towards these programs. All in all I think it would be a beneficial idea to entertain.The context of the economy, food, and taxes all play an important fictional character in this argument. The higher income bracket would be resistant to the idea until they were presented with facts on the cost and the minimal decrease in income for them. The lower income families would be blessed with some relief with their childrens social experience and the ability to provide more learning resources to them. References Taxing the rich is good for the economy Retrieved from http//www. marketplace. org/topics/economy/commentary/taxing-rich-good-economy By Robert Reich Marketplace for Wednesday, April 18, 2012 Marketplace . org

Population: 485; Culture Essay

Michael Perry introduces several themes throughout Population 485. Love, pain and acceptance ar all touched upon in his memoir, but 1 that limitms to stick out and is brought up again and again is death. As a volunteer firefighter, most of the connections he ease ups with the tribe of his community ar caused by responding to emergency brake apoplexy and fire calls- many of which result in death. In our civilization, and every culture, death is an inevitable fact of life. We all, at some turn on in our lives, are going to encounter the death of some star mop up to us.Whether it depart be a family member, friend or ourselves, tender or old, it is going to happen and we will have to face it. Death affects everyone differently and the way we cope with loss varies with every individual and with every culture. When the majority of us entail of death, we see someone old and sick, frail and weak. eyepatch mourning the loss of a loved one is never easy, regardless of age or c ause of death, losing a young friend or family member is an compensate more challenging truthfulness to face. It is often the unexpected losses that dont make sense. We ask ourselves wherefore? Why did this happen? and try to bring meaning to the tragedy. Surely we shadowert die just because we hit a patch of pebbles on a curve. Surely on that point is preordination in the pea gravel. We are creatures of myth, hungry for metaphor and allegory, but most of all, hungry for sense. (p. 132). This is one of the ways our culture copes with death. We wane to believe that a young person could die so quickly and meaninglessly and we are swift to pick up a reason behind it all. In reality though, there is no answer. Seven old age ago a close friend of mine died due to injuries caused by a motorcycle accident. He was cardinal years old.It was a painful experience that left me questioning my faith and asking why such a good person was taken out-of-door at such a young age. I did try to find reasoning behind it, but never really came up with an answer. I cried for weeks, for hours at a sequence. I couldnt stop thinking most how real this was, how I was never going to see his face or hear his congressman again. So many things in life he didnt get a chance to experience. I longed to go back in time to find a way to prevent his final outcome, but I shortly realized there was nothing I could do. His death brought many people close unitedly.We had huge gatherings, for a couple months after he passed, with all of his friends and family. We told stories and talked about our greatest memories we had with our friend, laughed and cried together. We supported each other, shared our feelings and listened to one another. It was our way to cope with our loss. We soon realized that the world doesnt stop for people to grieve, so after a while, the parties died down and we all got back to our normal routines. Life forces you to get it together and to move on and time heals all wounds. I now hold my friend as a memory and know that I will see him again someday.We often see this in our culture. People come together to help each other through hard quantify. Emotional support and focal point are other ways people in our culture cope with death. This memory has been triggered by the story Michael Perry tells of Tracy Rimes. Tracy was killed in a motor vehicle accident while taking a corner as well as fast or too wide. She was just a teenager, not even graduated from high school. move of her story are brought up again and again by the author throughout the book. I think this incident got to him and he had a hard time coping with this one. Maybe it was because she was so young with a lot of life ahead of her.Maybe it marks a milestone or turning point for him. Today we had tragedy, but it was our tragedy, and we dealt with it not only as public citizens, but also as friends and neighbors To feel at home is a rare, precious thing, and I began to feel at home that day. (p. 16). It was the day he made his connection and found his place. Maybe he relates aspects of the incident to his own life. In chapter one there is a paragraph where he is talking about the accident and he describes how the girl was pinned in silence after the violent squalling, glass exploding, rubber tearing, sword tumbling and then just pacifyness. As if peace is the only answer to destruction The girl is terribly, terribly alone in a beautiful, beautiful world. (p. 4). He describes the land and nature so much in the book with such life and love, and also comes off as kind of an outsider always looking for in, trying to find a place to belong. Does he too feel terribly, terribly alone in a beautiful, beautiful world? I think this is another way to cope with death. Find a positive outcome from a tragedy. Death can make a person stronger. It can make someone open there eyes to life and not take it for granted.It can make someone open their doors a little wider to friends and family and let people in. Michael shares a lot of stories throughout his book that involve the unexpected deaths he has encountered. In fact, he has seen a dead person so many times he says, I can look at you and know exactly what you would look like dead. (p. 128). I can relate to this in a way. While I have never imagined what the person sitting next to me will look like when theyre dead, I have also seen many a corpse. It comes as part of the package when you choose a career in healthcare.I have worked as a respiratory therapist for four years now in a hospital. We respond to all the codes and traumas that come in and are basically responsible for a persons airway. We also pull off the ventilators and occasionally have to pull the tube when it has been determined that the ventilator is just prolonging the dying process, if that is what the family wishes. At first, it was hard for me to deal with the situations. I would go home still thinking about that pale, lif eless body. I couldnt get the voices out of my head of the family screaming the patients name and crying and praying.It all got to me. I cried the first a few(prenominal) times, but then I quickly strikeed that you have to somehow detach yourself from the emotional aspect of the situation, sort of take your mind somewhere else for a minute than get back to reality, like the author seems to do in his writing. Now, after seeing so many, a dead body doesnt even phase me. Its no big deal anymore to respond to a code, perform CPR, suction nasty stuff from an endotracheal tube thats enigmatical in the throat of a patient covered in blood and bowel and then go eat lunch. Sounds gross, but its our job. You just learn to block certain things out.I think Michael uses his ability and love for writing as a way to cope with death. He seems like sort of a loner, maybe he doesnt feel comfortable talking with someone about what hes thinking or feeling, so he writes stories and anecdotes about th em. The way he starts a story of one his calls, than jumps to a completely different subject, and then later hold backs to finish the story maybe is a materialisation of another way he handles death. Its like he takes a break for a minute and shifts his thoughts somewhere else, so that he can return to the facts of the story, and not be interrupted by emotions.I think writing or keeping a journal with our own stories, thoughts and emotions is another way our culture copes with death too. I think death is an aspect of our culture that we dont much like to talk about, or think about. We know that we are all going to someday die, and that everyone we know will too someday pass, but it is much more comfortable to take for granted tomorrow. Death is something that could potentially happen to anyone, at any given moment and I think it is our avoidance of death that creates such grief when the death of a loved one comes unexpectedly.For me, its the unknown part of the afterlife that scar es me. That and the thought of not being with my children. In the book, Michael Perry shares his own feelings of dying. He brings the reader to the woods, where he feels that sleeping in the nominal head of the trees and in the dirt joins him with the earth and gives him a sense of what it is to be holy. I have come to think of my sleeps in the forest as a dry run for burial (p. 140). He gives the impression that he is prepared for death and that we should ponder upon the fact that it is coming.Not how or where or why, just the simple truth that we will be gone someday and it may seem less discomforting if we just accept the fact and give it a nod now and then. (p. 140). Death can get to be a very sensitive subject in our world today. It means so many diverse things to different people and cultures and is handled in your own way by each individual. For the most part, I think coping with the loss of a loved one comes down to a persons individual beliefs, traditions, and culture. It is a personal choice whether or not to prepare for and accept death.Michael Perry brings the subject to your attention several times throughout the book, virtually forcing you to think about death. Be grateful for death, the one great certainty in an uncertain world. Be thankful for the spirit smoke that lingers for every compact disc gone out. (p. 142). We dont know when or why or how, but death is coming. To you, to me, to everyone someday. Its a scary thought, but I swear I can build an acceptance to the inevitable fact of life and be at peace with death when it knocks on my door, before its too late.

Article Reflection

In the article it goes over v steps to introduce vocabulary and to teach/ instruct it in a way that will in reality resonate with the students. The 5 steps can be compared to the drill and kill method often apply with vocabulary terms, which is exampleful some(prenominal) fourth dimensions, but the lasting knowledge is not as strong remembered. The first step, reveal characteristics of vocabulary instruction, deal with multiple exposures, freeloading key vocabulary, and nonlinguistic representations, which we do in furcate by means of the use of brain pops, pictures rain during notes, and posters created in class about specific topics.Step two, is using those tier 3 oral communication that are specific to our content with the mixture of tier 2 and tier 1 vocal. Step three, is a print rich environment where students make water their work on the walls representing terms learned as well as posters or chances to write/read. Step four is building on vocabulary strategies or, to put in simple terms, routine of studying vocal. Step five is having digital tools to support the previous steps. I have put these strategies o use in my class with a very good response from my students.Overall they reckon to be able to manipulate the terms and then reuse them in the proper way, but in any case using the term outside of the context learned. I consider this very good because most of the time students will simply use the examples giving in class which is more memorization than actual belongings and comprehension. Below I show you how use each step in class Step 1 Exposing students to vocabulary in multiple ways such as flash cards posters created/stories/videos/did gramsStep 2 In notes and explanations I use terms like infer, identityy, resolve, and other terms that can be used in other areas, but we partner them with tier 3 words that are specific to science. I have heard the students use words in multiple classes that we have studied in my class as well as others . For example they use infer a lot in both social studies and science. Step 3 Student have created their own print rich environment through creating posters, writing stories, giving explanation essays, and creating diagrams.Step 4 Students have learned what to expect when it comes to learning about saucily vocabulary in class. Typically it will be introduced in their notes along with a picture or demonstration so we may refer back to it. Then students will usually get some kind of worksheet that emphasizes the terms. Followed by hands on activity where they actually must apply those terms and manipulate. last step is usually creating flashcards or simply answer vocabulary terms.

Current government priorities Essay

How far does the cypher reflect contemporary organization priorities?G all overnments view of the saving could be summed up in a few short phrases If it moves, measure it. If it keeps moving, regulate it. And if it stops moving, subsidise it Ronald ReaganIn my coursework I sh on the whole be discovering what the annual disposal work out is, what it is dog-tired on and why, correlating this with current priorities. I shall be investigating to what issue does the regimes outgo reflect on these current governance priorities i.e. the sum total spent on defence, the nurture sphere and accessible protection. I shall be mostly using secondary interrogation, with using websites and maybe books. I volition contrast expense from previous budgets to the current one and become out where changes, if any, turn out been made. by figuring out where the gold is spent, I can discover what the primary(prenominal) priorities are but non neglecting the fact that some celesti al spheres are larger and undoubtedly regard gold existence spent, e.g. Healthcare and exoteric order & safety.Government expenditure is vital for the efficient running of the saving. The shoot for much of the government expenditure arises from the facts that some goods will not be provided at all by a free market place economy (public goods) and that some new(prenominal)s will be under-provided (merit goods). It is pass on these goods that accounts for a large proportion of government spend ( health, reproduction, police and defence, among others). Some government expenditure is aimed at providing a safety net for the less tumefy off in society and ensuring that they are able to survive in the nonethelesst that they lose their jobs or have insufficient in make it. The department that deals with the allocation of most of this notes is the Department of Social Security. Other government expenditure is aimed at various surface areas that may be considered important in a developed economy providing a transport infrastructure, supporting the work of local government and servicing any debts that may have been accumulated in the past.Fiscal form _or_ system of government refers to government policy that attempts to influence the direction of the economy through changes in government spending or taxes. Fiscal policy can be contrasted with the other main type of stinting policy, monetary policy which attempts to stabilize the economy by controlling stake localise and the generate of gold. The government in power needs to ensure that the budget expenditure is divided mighty and proportionately to the areas that require it most. This depends on the government priorities. The two main instruments of fiscal policy are government spending and taxation.Changes in the level and composition of taxation and government spending can impact on the following variables in the economy On aggregate demand and the level of frugal natural action the linguistic rule of resource allocation and the distribution of income. Fiscal policy is the use of government expenditure and taxation to fare the economy. The main changes in fiscal policy happen once a division in the Budget. It is in the Budget that the Chancellor sets the levels of taxation and government expenditure for the next fiscal year. The fiscal year runs from sixth April one year until 5th April the following year. This is why the budget is usually in March. The changes in it come generally into launch in the following month.Fiscal policy is based on the theories of British economist John Maynard Keynes. Also known as Keynesian economics, this theory basically states that governments can influence macroeconomic productivity levels by increase or decreasing tax levels and public spending. This influence, in turn, curbs puffiness (generally considered to be healthy when at a level between 2-3%), subjoins traffic and maintains a healthy value of property. Unfortunately, the set up of any fiscal policy are not the same on everyone. Depending on the political orientations and goals of the policymakers, a tax cut could ask only the middle class, which is typically the largest economic group. In times of economic decline and rising taxation, it is this same group that may have to pay to a greater extent taxes than the wealthier upper class.Similarly, when a government decides to ad expert its spending its policy may affect only a particular group of people. A decision to build a new bridge, for example, will give work and more(prenominal) income to hundreds of construction workers. A decision to spend money on building a new topographic diaphragm shuttle, on the other hand, benefits only a small, specialized pool of experts, which would not do much to mitigater aggregate employment levels.Graph to show inflation rates in the UK compared with the United States and Canada.Monetary polity involves changes in the base rate of interest to influence the rate of growth of aggregate demand, the money supply and ultimately price inflation. Monetarist economists believe that monetary policy is a more powerful weapon than fiscal policy in controlling inflation. Monetary policy also involves changes in the value of the exchange rate since fluctuations in the currency also impact on macroeconomic activity (incomes, output and prices).Basically, it is the process by which the government/ bank controls the supply of money, or trading in foreign exchange markets. Monetary policy is generally referred to as either being an expansionary policy, or a contractionary policy, where an expansionary policy increases the total supply of money in the economy, and a contractionary policy decreases the total money supply. Expansionary policy is traditionally used to combat unemployment in a recession by lowering interest rates, while contractionary policy has the goal of raising interest rates to combat inflation or calming an overheated economy.The gov ernment receives its money from many an(prenominal) variant areas, the graph on the next page shows exactly where from and how muchAs from the chart we can depict that the largest proportion of governments income is due to income tax that at 157bn it is 63bn more than the 2nd largest. Tax comes in many forms, as shown by the chart and when totaled up it is 587bn, this breaks down to 9,650 for every man, woman and child in the UK per year.What is the money used for and spent on? Well the money that the government has ga thered from its many different forms of tax is spent enti swear on the public. The pie chart below clearly represents what these different domains are and how much money is actually spent on them.As we can see cordial protection is predominantly the largest sphere of influence that government spending is allocated with a 57bn lead on the second largest, health, at 104bn. From this chart it can be easy to assume that the areas with the largest spending would be t hose that are the largest priorities. That can be accepted to a trustworthy extent to where you verbal expression deeper within that and take into account that some sectors are larger than others and accordingly require more money to keep them running, i.e. favorable protection.Now I shall look at the different sectors and fail each one, looking at the governments main aims and objectives and comparing whether the money they are spending on each one is reflecting that for example if in public order and safety the government valued to initiate huge crackdown on underage drinkers and vandalism consequently surely the money spent in that area would be change magnitude dramatically. I shall compare what was spent on those sectors in the year 2006 and compare that with the budget released in 2007. Taking into account inflation, which from 2006 to 2007 was 3% I can work out whether spending, has increased by a lot, remained the same or dropped.To begin with I shall look at the ar ea of accessible protection, which is the largest of all spending. Social protection consists of policies and programs designed to bowdlerize poverty and vulnerability by promoting efficient attention markets, diminishing peoples exposure to risks, enhancing their capacity to protect themselves against hazards and interruption or loss of income. In 2006 the government spent 151bn on sociable protection whereas in 2007 they spent 161bn, which even after pickings into account inflation this is still a dramatic increase. This could by due to the fact that unemployment has risen from 2006 2007 and with employment and cooking being an area of social protection, more money is being spent to try and work on the figures down again.The next sector that I shall look at is the environment. Protecting the environment is a study concern for todays government well it has been for many years but even more so now. As Britains industry continues to expand and destroy most of our beloved count ryside and pollute our skies, insisting groups and environmentalists increase the strain on the government to protect and instigate new rule to help stretch the effects of the unstoppable industry. In attempts to keep these groups happy the government invests more money every year to meet their demands. Examples of these include the 800m environmental transformation fund and funding for cleaner ways to produce pushing such as wind farms and nuclear power.There has been an increase of expenditure for housing and environment from 2006 2007 of 4bn, which concludes the fact that it is an ever-increasing issue. This research indicates that current government spending in the environment does directly reflect the fact that is a main priority. In the past 3 years it has shown that the government has increased its spending by around 4bn per annum on the environment. If compared with other sections of spending, the environment ranks lower in comparison with others, such as social protect ion.This could signify that the environment is not classed as such a high priority although relating to my earlier point of stating that the some areas are larger and therefore require more money suggests that it is not less of a priority. However, it could also be due to the fact that the government believes that protection of the population and the healthcare too are more of a priority than preserving the environment. So it can be looked at in both ways. I myself believe that the government thinks the environment is less of a priority and therefore less money should be invested there.Healthcare in Britain is different to that in most other countries in the way that we have adopt a system called the National Health Service. The NHS is paid for through our taxes and so therefore offers healthcare for everyone in the UK and securing the provision of comprehensive, high quality care for all those who need it, regardless of their ability to pay or where they live or their age.The aims set out by the Department of Health are to* Supporting activity at national level to protect, promote and reform the nations health* Securing responsive social care and child protection for those who lack the support they need.The key objectives for pursuing these aims are to* To reduce the incidence of avoidable illness, disease and injury in the population.* To treat people with illness, disease or injury quickly, in effect and on the basis of need alone.* To enable people, who are unable to perform essential activities of daily living, including those with chronic illness, disability or preconditioninal illness, to live as full and normal lives as possible.* To maximise the social development of children within stable family settings.These aims and objectives are generic to most years of the NHS but as research and new technologies develop the spending must increase to match demands of the population. In 2002 the Chancellor of the Exchequer announced that by 2008 there would be the largest ever increase in health spending at 40bn. This is a huge enlargement of the budget spending and obviously shows that health is a main priority if the government is willing to increase its spending by this much. It has been released that every year there shall be an increase of around 4% on health spending.Although the government is injecting a large section of the budget into health care it is not dramatically increasing it every year and sacrificing other sectors money to pour more into healthcare. The government is slowly increasing the amount spent in health and all the time, every year introducing new legislations and targets to make the NHS a more efficient and improved service for everyone within the UK.We are determined to maintain our disciplined approach, determined not to make the old British mistakes of paying(a) ourselves too much today at the cost of higher interest rates and fewer jobs tomorrow Gordon BrownThis quote suggests that by not putting too muc h money into a champion sector it reduces the chances of having an economic backlash in the future. I agree with this and believe that by making smaller steps and in stages increasing expenditure it improves the economy at a much greater surpass in the long run and prevents unwanted repercussions that may damage the economy. By pushing more money into the sectors it could cause the desired effect to become counter-productive and hinder more than help. Some people believe that the budget is only increasing in the health sector by such amounts because the ongoing criticisms have impelled the government to improve its image and please the people to keep the current party in power.Fostering high standards of education is the Governments greatest responsibility. In England this responsibility lies with the Departments for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF). About 93 per cent of children are educated in state-run primary and secondary schools the remainder go to independent school s that rely on privately-paid tuition fees. Through these central government organisations, the provision of education in the UK includes monitoring and modify standards in schools, colleges and universities ensuring that everyone no matter what disability or special need they may have is include and has access to high quality education promoting work experience for new-made people and vocational training for employees and encouraging lifelong learning.Through the British Council, the Government actively promotes education in the UK to countries all over the world. Other major organisations help to guide and make welcome some 275,000 overseas students who currently venerate the advantages of living and studying in the UK. Before June 2007 schools were the responsibility of the former Department for Education and Skills. Education is gradually becoming increasingly more important within the UK as greater than ever numbers of young graduates roam the job market relegating others without degrees into a league of themselves. To employers education is the main thing they look at on CVs, dismissing experience and background for the simple number on the piece of paper. So education is a main priority for the government to try and make Britains children as well qualified as they can be, pushing the economy further up the ladder and ameliorate things for all.So education for the government has became a huge priority and this can be shown by the recent announcement to foster the school minimum leaving age to 18 offering college courses and apprenticeships and also A-Levels to every child. Implementing this new legislation would obviously require a huge increase in the budget allocated for education, which would either mean some other increased tax, which has happened for the past 11 years while Gordon Brown had been Chancellor, or sacrificing other areas of spending to improve education.Making these decisions requires undoubtedly many months of thinking and con sultation before arriving at a suitable judgment. In the 2007 budget report, the government announced that investment in education and skills would rise to 90bn by 2010/2011. In a clearer spectrum, there is a 4bn increase from 2006 to 2007 then a 5bn increase from 2007 to 2008 and therefore proves that the government is gradually increasing the percentage increase spent on education annually.In evaluation it can be utter that although there isnt a dramatic increase in the spending on the education sector, there are other factors that affect the efficiency of it too. For example money may not be being spent efficiently in the employment and the social protection areas, which are having a direct effect on the education, this can easily be mis interpreted as problems within the education spending alternatively than stepping back and realising that it could be issues somewhere else. Increasing the funding in education and training programs could significantly reduce unemployment level s (a major concern for the government) and increase the productivity per worker. In the UK the productivity per worker is substantially lower than other countries such as the US and Germany by as far as 30% in 2002.I believe that education is a major priority for the current government as competition from other countries towers above Britain and with the productivity per worker as low as it is, surely suggests that something within the education sector must be improved to raise our working standards. As the investment in education carries on rising at such rates it must be taken for granted it is becoming an even greater priority, especially with other countries almost mocking us with their efficiency.In 2007 we missed 24 of our 57 targets set by the government in education which raised awareness of the problem widely and brought it to the straits of priorities. I believe in Britain we need better qualifications to lower unemployment and bring our workforce into the productivity ra nges we need to compete with other countries or otherwise our place in the worlds economy will gradually being to crepuscule.In comparison with previous years spending the 2007 budget does not face to have any major, out of place differences with previous years and generally it appears every sector has just risen with the same annual percentage. However it is within these sectors where the money expenditure has changed. Implementing new legislations and programs, eliminating ineffective ideas and ever-changing the dynamics of how each area is run is where the change in money being spent has taken place.This is a pie chart to represent the budget was spent in 2006In 2007In conclusion the amount spent on each sector does reflect the amount to which it is a priority but many other factors must be taken into account when judging that. Some areas such as social protection are such a far larger sector than that of industry, agriculture, employment and training and therefore will ultimat ely require more money to keep it running smoothly and keep the economic balance. Other areas may be of greater importance and priority such as education, but by spending ridiculous amounts of money on it will be counter-productive and cause many long term problems so despite the fact it is more of a priority, by spending less money on it does not reflect that. By reviewing past years budgets and comparing them with more recent ones it is possible to find where greater amounts of spending has occurred and what sectors are gradually having a greater percentage increase in their spending annually.Another reason why spending doesnt reflect current government priorities is because although spending may not increase that much, time and effort to reorganise and implement new legislation to improve an area could equally suggest that it is a priority but money would not solve it, just up(p) the efficiency would. Sometimes spending money on one area will directly affect another positively a nyway such as improving education will also improve employment and training.As a general rule the governments role is to keep inflation low, keep unemployment low, balance in international trade and maintain a flourishing and prospering economy. The government has been investing large amounts of money into training schemes and other projects that have ultimately led to the unemployment rate travel to 5.2% in February 2008. The claimant count was 793,500 in February 2008, down 2,800 over the previous month and down 126,500 over the year. This is the lowest figure since June 1975.The claimant count has now fallen for 17 consecutive months. This shows that the investments into training and education has led to the fall in unemployment which proves my theory that spending in other sectors subsequently helps others. One could just quite obviously say that the government spending does not reflect current government priorities or otherwise if it did then there would be a perfect economy because the money spent would be used to its full potential in exactly the right places, doing exactly the right thing lowering unemployment, improving healthcare, lowering inflation etc.I believe that the difference in the previous budget and the current one describes the extent to which the budget reflects current government priorities better than the looking at the budget itself as the current priorities will determine how much spending will increase in each sector and those with the larger increases (after taking into account inflation) show that they are more of a priority than those with little or no increase. Generally, the government invests the money into areas which is sees to be crucial for the future, so dependent on the priorities, the budget is spent taking into account these and areas of needed development so if it isnt spent directly reflecting government priorities, it has taken these into account and spent it most wisely considering areas that need improvement but are not ceaselessly priorities.Bibliographyhttp//tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/fiscalpolicy/public_spending.htmhttp//www.bized.co.uk/virtual/economy/policy/tools/government/http//tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/fiscalpolicy/public_spending.htmhttp//www.bized.co.uk/virtual/economy/policy/tools/government/gexpex.htmhttp//budget2007.treasury.gov.uk/page_09.htmhttp//www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/budget/budget_07/bud_bud07_index.cfmhttp//www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/spending_review/spend_index.cfmhttp//budget2006.treasury.gov.uk/page_09.htmlhttp//www.adb.org/SocialProtection/default.asphttp//www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/Documents/UK_Economy/Fiscal_Policy/ukecon_fisc_policy99.cfmhttp//www.oup.com/uk/orc/bin/9780198776222/carlin_chap05.pdfhttp//www.dh.gov.uk/en/index.htmhttp//www.ntd.co.uk/idsbookshop/details.asp?id=844http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflationhttp//www.environment-agency.gov.uk/http//www.bized.co.uk/virtual/bank/business/ foreign/policy/expl.htmhttp//www.pm.gov.uk/output/Page7489.a sp

Evaluate and Improve Own Performance in a Business Environment Essay

1.1 exempt the target and services of continuously improving own performance in a business environment. This improves the quality of my acetify which in turn proves that I am capable of further responsibility. More experience and responsibility could be useful in gaining future pipeline roles.1.2 Explain the purpose and value of encouraging and accepting feedback from other(a)s. The purpose of feedback is to let me know what I am doing is correct or indeed incorrect as the possibility may be sometimes. Its as useful to know you are doing things well and in the direction expected as well as the areas that require amendment or improvement.1.3 Describe ways of evaluating own educate. I regularly ask my line manager and the managers for whom I administrate for feedback regarding my work performance. Also although I incur it hard to self critique I try to note my own weaknesses and improve upon them, seeking acquirement if necessary.1.4 Explain the purpose and benefits of try ing out possible improvements to own work. It is important to test out each(prenominal) possible improvements to make sure the method I finally choose to do the task in hand is the best and most appropriate.1.5 Evaluate how tuition and offendment slew improve own work, benefit organisations, and further own career. Learning and development pull up stakes improve my own work as it brings spic-and-span skills to light and should give me a better understanding of what I am doing. Through picking up new skills, I could realise I am better able to do a hire out I previously felt under-qualified for, thus identifying new career options both internally and externally. It could benefit CitySprint as it means that I am better qualified and should have a better understanding of my job role.1.6 Compare possible career progression routes. I believe the standard progression route from my flowing career, would be towards a senior admin role, and then eventually a management position. Howe ver having previously managed mountain I know this is not my forte so I would probably look at extending and improving the skills I have learnt in Excel, Access and our own reporting software and consider some amiable of sidestep into the Business Analysis team.1.7 Describe possible development opportunities. After completing my level 3 in Business and Administration I can possibly look for an internal move indoors CitySprint or externally at jobs in various sectors where they need administrators, ultimately a move to a new job, where I can best use my skills, talents and capabilities. So by developing my skills I can look at possible interesting careers and sectors that I might be interested in and develop my opportunities in securing a new position.1.8 Justify the value of developing a learning plan. A learning plan is a way for me to set individual targets and record achievements. It attentions me to keep on the path towards where I want to be in my life and my career. The re ason for making a plan is to help me to be further in charge of of my future, by reminding me what I have learned and achieved. Creating my plan will help me develop more confidence in my ability to tackle new things.2.1 Encourage and accept feedback from other people Claire, Chrissie.2.2 Evaluate own work and use feedback from others to identify areas for improvement.2.3 Identify changes in ways of running(a) needed to improve work performance.2.4 Complete work tasks using changed ways of working.2.5 Evaluate work completed and changed ways of working for improvements and effectiveness.3.1 Evaluate own performance and identify where further learning and development will improve own work.3.2 Agree and develop a learning plan to improve own work performance, that meets own needs.3.3 Follow a learning plan for improvement to own work.3.4 Review progress against learning plan and make updates for improving own work and further learning. Evidence supplied for section 2 and 3 in feedb ack and PDP printed.

Catching Fire by Suzanne Collins

Book review of The aridity Games Catching Fire by Suzanne Collins Katniss Everdeen has returned home safe after winning the 74th Annual hurt Games along with fellow tribute Peeta Mellark. Winning means that they must turn around and leave their family and clam up friends, embarking on a Victors Tour of the districts. Along the way Katniss senses that a rebellion is simmering, but the Capitol is still real much in control as President Snow prepares the 75th Annual Hunger Games (Quarter Quell) a competition that could change Panem forever.I enjoyed this book as it kept me reading on and wanting to know whats button to happen next ecause the story line and the descriptive detail on each page. I didnt rightfully dislike any parts of the book as it kept me reading on and I wanted to read more of what going to happen. Katniss Everdeen is Just trying to get her life back to normal. only large number of District 12 look at her differently now, and shes always on the radar in the Capitol. this instant that shes won the Hunger Games, Katniss family gets to bang in a nice house and will never go hungry.Her role as the familys breadwinner is no longer needed. The others in her district also get more solid food and will be better off for at least a year, hanks to Katniss and Peetas win in the arena. To them, shes a hero, but to herself, shes anything but. It seems pretty obvious what the most dangerous option of these is. Its harder to tell what was really going on in her mind, though. Most of the time, Katniss is full of self-loathing, especially when she must decide whether to run away or vex it out in District 12 and try to fght the Capitol.She wants her old life back as she knew where she stood in life l mourn my old life here. We barely scraped by, but I knew where I outburst in, I knew what my place was in the tightly interwoven fabric hat was our life. I wish I could go back to it because, in retrospect, it seems so secure compared with now, when I am so rich and so famous and so hated by the authorities in the Capitol. Peeta Mellark Throughout the book, Katniss admires Peetas ability to make speeches and then I think of it, what Peeta elicit do much better than the rest of us.He can use words. He obliterated the rest of the field at both interviews. And maybe its because of that underlying goodness that he can move a crowd no, a country to his side with the turn of a simple sentence. Peeta speaks as naturally as Katniss hunts, but his skill isnt called for in the arena like hers is. Its the luck of the draw that she ends up as the face of the revolution, all the while thinking that Peeta would be much better suited for the task.Peeta is a bit of a contradiction hes wizard of the kindest and least selfish characters in the book, but hes also unitary of the best liars. When the tributes have their final televised interviews before the Quarter Quell, Peeta steals the show by producing not Just i but two excellent lies. T hese lies, pregnant, are so effective that the audience seems likely to explode. Gale Hawthorne He and Katniss sympathize each other because theyre both from the poorest part of town. Hes a great hunter and a responsible provider for his family.And he and Katniss have a long history together. Gale and Peeta are also very different guys. Where Peeta is selfless, Gale is selfish. He wants Katniss all to himself while Peeta is prepared to let her go if it will save her life. Consider how Katniss approaches both guys with her intent of running away. Gale is all into it until he learns that Katniss expects Peeta to go, too. In contrast, Peeta expects that Katniss would ant to bring Gale along, and hes still willing to follow her. But Just because Gale is selfish doesnt mean hes bad.Its kind of flattering to Katniss that he wants her all to himself, although she wouldnt be able to live with herself if they left Peeta behind. Even though Gale hasnt suffered like Katniss has at the hands of the Capitol, hes more than ready to rebel. Whereas Katniss is usually wishy-washy and cautious about the opposing the Capitol, Gale is certain. Hes sick of the rules, sick of watching his family go hungry, and sick of having no prime(prenominal) about his future. Hes so firmly against the Capitol that he wont even accept a gift Katniss brings him from the region.Gale has always been one for breaking the law. Like Katniss, hes had to poach to find food for his family, so obeying the law wasnt really an option. Unlike Katniss, though, Gale gets caught and is whipped inwardly an inch of his life. Rather than scare him into submission, though, Gale Just becomes even more anti-Capitol. I would recommend this book to anyone who likes activeness and romance books as this has both, action from the games and rebellion and the romance from Peeta and Katniss.

How to Lead a Healthy Lifestyle?

How to lead a healthy life style? prima(p) a healthy lifestyle is very important duty to our ownself. How to lead a healthy lifestyle? Firstly, you can exercise regularly to maintain a replete(p) health. For subject, you can join a lycee or find some sport that you like. Next, you can work, jog, and cycle to the destination which near your house. A nonher example is you can do the stretching exercise when we free. Secondly, you should taking comprehensive and balanced of nutrition to maintain a good health.For example, you can control the total calories, the total heat control at 30kcal/kg. Next, you should reduce the dream of animal fats and sweets, to increase the provender of soy products, vegetables, fruits and other foods which rich in potassium and magnesium, and generally see to it that the daily intake of 500g vegetables. some other example, you should eat foods which rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish food is rich in W-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. It has th e role of lipide-lowering, viscosity, and anti-platelet aggregation.Finally, you should develop healthy habits to maintain a good health. For example, you should pay attention to personal hygiene such as wash hands frequently, do not spit, do not dumping trash and other. Next, we should refrain from smoking because smoke is detrimental to human health. Another example, you can drink tea, it is because the tea is recognized worldwide as health drink, and tea polyphones have antioxidant, lipid lowering anti-cancer and other effect.

Project management - sports pavillion at St. George's College Essay

Project management - sports pavillion at St. Georges College - Essay ExamplePART A INTRODUCTION The project understudy is the produceion work to extend and alter the sports pavilion at St Georges College and development of accommodation for Warden in and committee room. This project is taken as the comminuted opportunity generally for the following reasons The college is situated within densely populated area within city hence, there is mellowed risk associated with the construction work to be completed within defined frame. On-time completion is excessively critical as work is scheduled within holiday season. Project has high social value for the world provision of services to college. Successful accomplishment of the project is linked with the projects of two more schools. Hence, the project is taken with more responsibility orientation with clients defined framework of task to be well-mannered within time (most important), cost, gauge and risk. PROCUREMENT ROUTES The proc urement of the project is guided by three possible options which are as follows (Curtin University of Technology, n.d.) Traditional Approach Design and Construct Management Fee Each of the instrument carries suitability for some while costing other. For the under study project it is suggestible for the client to absorb the procurement route of Design and Construct with complete package by supplier variant. Design and construct entails hiring of the consulting steadfastly (project manager) that develops rule for the clients requirement and further hires contractor for the construction services. It will aid client with a single point of contact as the management intend to have least(prenominal) involvement in overall construction process. It is also suitable for the college management based on their judicial admission mentioned. Discussed below is the evaluation of the mechanism with respect to set criteria Time Fast tracked as the design and the construction can be carried in parallel. It also ensures the completion of the project on date which is truly critical in the case understudy. Cost It also provides accurate estimate of the cost. Quality This method is since non as quality oriented as management fee method but ensure quality construction according to the defined needs of required construction. Risk aligned with the need of the college management, this method also carries minimum risk on part of employer and almost all risk is born by contractor. accustomed below is the reflection of methods and associated risk (Curtin University of Technology, n.d.) Hence, the procurement method of design and construct can be justify as the most suiting method to the need of college management with facilitating of a single contractual firm that integrates design and construction expertise and accountability resting within one firm. RISK MANEGEMENT Success of the project is non only dependent on the accuracy of planning but is also dependent on take occupy of consideration given to risk management. Simple to state, risk is the probability of not achieving the stated goal, since single aim of every objective is to accomplish it successfully hence it requires projects to identify, analyse, asses and manage likelihood and impact